Blood in urine

Sometimes a blood test reveals some cells, cellular debris, and casts in the microscopic urinalysis. It may suggest inflammation within the bladder. They also may originate from the skin and could be contamination. Blood in urine is generally referred to as hematuria. It can be a sign of a serious medical condition. Therefore it should be seriously investigated by a doctor. There is no specific treatment for hematuria, because it's a symptom and not a specific condition. The treatment is aimed at the underlying cause. Hematuria is condition in which the kidneys or parts of the urinary tract allow blood cells to be leaked into urine.

Kidney

A number of problems could lead to this condition. Some of them are:

Urinary tract infection

                Bacteria enter the body through the urethra and multiply in the bladder. Symptoms include urge to urinate frequently, burning sensation during passing urine and smelly urine.

Kidney infections

                Kidney infections (pyelonephritis) occur when bacteria enters the kidneys from the blood stream or move up from the uterus. The symptoms include fever and pain in the back and side.

Bladder or kidney stone

                Minerals in the urine concentrate to form crystals on the walls of the kidneys or bladder. Kidney stones can cause excruciating pain. Kidney and bladder stones can cause gross and microscopic bleeding.

Enlarged prostate

                As men approach old age the prostrate glands may grow. This growth may compress the urethra and partially block the urine flow. The symptoms include immediate urge to pass urine. This condition can lead to passing of blood in the urine.

Kidney disease

                                Glomerulonephritis or kidney disease can cause inflammation of the kidneys' filtering system. It may also be part of a systemic disease, such as diabetes. It affects the small capillaries that filter blood in the kidneys and as a result the blood is passed into the urine.

Cancer

                                Kidney, bladder or prostate cancers may also lead to urinary bleeding. Signs or symptoms do not appear in the early stages, when the disease is treatable.

Inherited disorders

                Hereditary defect of haemoglobin in red blood cells may affect the filtering membranes and result in urinary bleeding. It may also be due to diseases such as sickle cell anaemia and cystic kidney disease.

Kidney injury

                Any physical injury to the kidneys, such as falling down or meeting with an accident, may cause blood in the urine that you can see.

Medications

                Some ant- cancer drugs and penicillin can cause urinary bleeding. Sometime an anticoagulant, such as aspirin, may also produce this result.

Strenuous exercise

                Very rarely strenuous exercise may also show some blood in the urine.

Some of the techniques that may be adopted to find the underlying cause for hematuria may include:

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Kidney ultrasound.

Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).

Cystoscopy.

Kidney (renal) biopsy.

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KIDNEY